One of the primary functions of the kidneys is to produce urine. Decreased urine output or oliguria is a common symptom of kidney failure.
When the kidneys fail to remove excess fluid from the body, it can lead to swelling in the legs, ankles, feet, face, or hands.
Buildup of waste products in the blood can cause fatigue and weakness, as the body becomes unable to efficiently remove toxins.
Excess fluid buildup can also affect the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing or shortness of breath.
Buildup of waste products and electrolyte imbalances can cause nausea and vomiting.
As kidney function declines, individuals may experience a loss of appetite and weight loss.
: Besides decreased urine output, other changes in urination patterns may occur, such as frequent urination, foamy urine, or blood in the urine.
Edema, or swelling, especially in the legs, ankles, feet, or around the eyes, can occur due to fluid retention.
Buildup of waste products in the blood can lead to itching, particularly in the legs.
Electrolyte imbalances, such as high levels of potassium, can cause muscle cramps and twitching.
Kidney failure can lead to high blood pressure, which can further damage the kidneys and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Toxins building up in the blood can affect brain function, leading to difficulty concentrating or confusion.